Nguyễn Thị Thái

Name: Nguyễn Thị Thái

Class: QH10E20

ENTRY 4

ARGUMENT STRUCTURES AND FALLACIES

ITEM 1:

“ A well known Hollywood actor, who often plays the role of wise, authoritative characters, assuring you in a TV commercial that your money will always be safe if you join a particular bank. He acts out a short scene in which an attractive sales assistant begins to flirt with him only after he has pulled out his fancy yellow credit card to pay for something. Presumably it was his choice of bank – which you can emulate! – rather than his charisma, world fame, and vast wealth which impressed him.”

http://www.theoryofknowledge.net/ways-of-knowing/reason/poor-reasoning-and-fallacies.php

-          Appeal to Authority

Structure of the argument

(Premise)     He assures that your money will always be safe if you join a particular bank

(Premise 2)    He is a well known Hollywood actor

(Conclusion)  you should have your money in a particular bank

ITEM 2

“Joan is scratched by a cat while visiting her friend. Two days later she comes down with a fever. Joan concludes that the cat's scratch must be the cause of her illness”.

http://www.nizkor.org/features/fallacies/false-dilemma.html

-          Post Hoc

Structure of the argument

(Premise)     Joan is scratched by a cat.

(Premise 2)  After that, she comes down with a fever.

(Conclusion)  The cat's scratch is the cause of her illness.

Argument error

Joan’s argument is weak because there are many reasons for her illness

ITEM 3

·         All children should have ample attention from their parents.

• Parents who work full-time cannot give ample attention to their children.
• Therefore, mothers should not work full-time.

-          Irrelevant Conclusion  

-          Argument error

Here the premises might support some conclusion about working parents generally, but do not secure the truth of a conclusion focused on women alone and not on men.

Source: http://www.philosophypages.com/lg/e06a.htm